The immune system and HIV

The HIV virus attacks white blood cells, which are called T-helper cells or CD4 cells. These are important when it comes to having a healthy immune system as they help us fight off diseases and infections.1

HIV cannot grow or reproduce on its own. Instead, it makes new copies of itself inside T-helper cells which damages the immune system and gradually weakens our natural defences. This process of T-helper cells multiplying is called the HIV life cycle.

How quickly the virus develops depends on how early you are diagnosed, your overall health and how well you take your treatment. It’s important to know that antiretroviral treatment will keep the immune system healthy if taken correctly and therefore prevent AIDS.